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| 1 | <?php |
| 2 | |
| 3 | /** |
| 4 | * OIDC ID token validator. |
| 5 | * |
| 6 | * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License, |
| 7 | * v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, You can |
| 8 | * obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. |
| 9 | * |
| 10 | * @package phpMyFAQ |
| 11 | * @author Thorsten Rinne <thorsten@phpmyfaq.de> |
| 12 | * @copyright 2026 phpMyFAQ Team |
| 13 | * @license https://www.mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/ Mozilla Public License Version 2.0 |
| 14 | * @link https://www.phpmyfaq.de |
| 15 | * @since 2026-04-18 |
| 16 | */ |
| 17 | |
| 18 | declare(strict_types=1); |
| 19 | |
| 20 | namespace phpMyFAQ\Auth\Oidc; |
| 21 | |
| 22 | use Closure; |
| 23 | use JsonException; |
| 24 | use RuntimeException; |
| 25 | use SensitiveParameter; |
| 26 | use Symfony\Contracts\HttpClient\Exception\ExceptionInterface; |
| 27 | use Symfony\Contracts\HttpClient\HttpClientInterface; |
| 28 | |
| 29 | final readonly class OidcIdTokenValidator |
| 30 | { |
| 31 | public function __construct( |
| 32 | private HttpClientInterface $httpClient, |
| 33 | private ?Closure $currentTimeProvider = null, |
| 34 | ) { |
| 35 | } |
| 36 | |
| 37 | /** |
| 38 | * @return array<string, mixed> |
| 39 | * @throws ExceptionInterface |
| 40 | */ |
| 41 | public function validate( |
| 42 | #[SensitiveParameter] |
| 43 | string $idToken, |
| 44 | OidcDiscoveryDocument $discoveryDocument, |
| 45 | string $expectedAudience, |
| 46 | string $expectedNonce, |
| 47 | ): array { |
| 48 | if (trim($idToken) === '') { |
| 49 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token is missing'); |
| 50 | } |
| 51 | |
| 52 | [$encodedHeader, $encodedPayload, $encodedSignature] = $this->splitToken($idToken); |
| 53 | $header = $this->decodeSegment($encodedHeader, 'header'); |
| 54 | $claims = $this->decodeSegment($encodedPayload, 'payload'); |
| 55 | |
| 56 | $this->validateClaims($claims, $discoveryDocument->issuer, $expectedAudience, $expectedNonce); |
| 57 | $this->validateSignature( |
| 58 | $encodedHeader . '.' . $encodedPayload, |
| 59 | $encodedSignature, |
| 60 | $header, |
| 61 | $discoveryDocument->jwksUri, |
| 62 | ); |
| 63 | |
| 64 | return $claims; |
| 65 | } |
| 66 | |
| 67 | /** |
| 68 | * @return array{0: string, 1: string, 2: string} |
| 69 | */ |
| 70 | private function splitToken(#[SensitiveParameter] string $idToken): array |
| 71 | { |
| 72 | $parts = explode('.', $idToken); |
| 73 | if (count($parts) !== 3 || $parts[0] === '' || $parts[1] === '' || $parts[2] === '') { |
| 74 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token is malformed'); |
| 75 | } |
| 76 | |
| 77 | return [$parts[0], $parts[1], $parts[2]]; |
| 78 | } |
| 79 | |
| 80 | /** |
| 81 | * @return array<string, mixed> |
| 82 | */ |
| 83 | private function decodeSegment(string $segment, string $context): array |
| 84 | { |
| 85 | $decoded = $this->base64UrlDecode($segment); |
| 86 | |
| 87 | try { |
| 88 | $payload = json_decode($decoded, associative: true, depth: 512, flags: JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR); |
| 89 | } catch (JsonException $exception) { |
| 90 | throw new RuntimeException(sprintf('OIDC id_token %s is not valid JSON', $context), previous: $exception); |
| 91 | } |
| 92 | |
| 93 | if (!is_array($payload)) { |
| 94 | throw new RuntimeException(sprintf('OIDC id_token %s is not valid', $context)); |
| 95 | } |
| 96 | |
| 97 | $normalizedPayload = []; |
| 98 | foreach ($payload as $claimName => $claimValue) { |
| 99 | $normalizedPayload[(string) $claimName] = $claimValue; |
| 100 | } |
| 101 | |
| 102 | return $normalizedPayload; |
| 103 | } |
| 104 | |
| 105 | /** |
| 106 | * @param array<string, mixed> $claims |
| 107 | */ |
| 108 | private function validateClaims( |
| 109 | array $claims, |
| 110 | string $expectedIssuer, |
| 111 | string $expectedAudience, |
| 112 | string $expectedNonce, |
| 113 | ): void { |
| 114 | if (!array_key_exists('iss', $claims) || !is_string($claims['iss']) || trim($claims['iss']) === '') { |
| 115 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token is missing the issuer claim'); |
| 116 | } |
| 117 | if (trim($claims['iss']) !== $expectedIssuer) { |
| 118 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC issuer mismatch in id_token'); |
| 119 | } |
| 120 | |
| 121 | if (!array_key_exists('sub', $claims) || !is_string($claims['sub']) || trim($claims['sub']) === '') { |
| 122 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token is missing the subject claim'); |
| 123 | } |
| 124 | |
| 125 | if (!array_key_exists('aud', $claims)) { |
| 126 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token is missing the audience claim'); |
| 127 | } |
| 128 | $audience = $claims['aud']; |
| 129 | if (!$this->isValidAudience($audience)) { |
| 130 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token audience claim is invalid'); |
| 131 | } |
| 132 | if (!$this->audienceMatches($audience, $expectedAudience)) { |
| 133 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC audience mismatch in id_token'); |
| 134 | } |
| 135 | |
| 136 | $authorizedParty = trim((string) ($claims['azp'] ?? '')); |
| 137 | if ($authorizedParty !== '' && $authorizedParty !== $expectedAudience) { |
| 138 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC authorized party mismatch in id_token'); |
| 139 | } |
| 140 | |
| 141 | if (is_array($audience) && count($audience) > 1 && $authorizedParty === '') { |
| 142 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC authorized party missing in id_token'); |
| 143 | } |
| 144 | |
| 145 | if ($expectedNonce !== '') { |
| 146 | if (!array_key_exists('nonce', $claims) || !is_string($claims['nonce']) || $claims['nonce'] === '') { |
| 147 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token is missing the nonce claim'); |
| 148 | } |
| 149 | if (!hash_equals($expectedNonce, $claims['nonce'])) { |
| 150 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC nonce mismatch in id_token'); |
| 151 | } |
| 152 | } |
| 153 | |
| 154 | $now = $this->getCurrentTimestamp(); |
| 155 | |
| 156 | if (!array_key_exists('exp', $claims) || !is_numeric($claims['exp'])) { |
| 157 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token is missing the expiration claim'); |
| 158 | } |
| 159 | if ($now >= (int) $claims['exp']) { |
| 160 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token has expired'); |
| 161 | } |
| 162 | |
| 163 | if (array_key_exists('nbf', $claims)) { |
| 164 | if (!is_numeric($claims['nbf'])) { |
| 165 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token has a non-numeric nbf claim'); |
| 166 | } |
| 167 | if ($now < (int) $claims['nbf']) { |
| 168 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token is not valid yet'); |
| 169 | } |
| 170 | } |
| 171 | |
| 172 | if (!array_key_exists('iat', $claims) || !is_numeric($claims['iat'])) { |
| 173 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token is missing the issued-at claim'); |
| 174 | } |
| 175 | $issuedAt = (int) $claims['iat']; |
| 176 | if ($issuedAt > ($now + 60)) { |
| 177 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token issued-at time is in the future'); |
| 178 | } |
| 179 | if ($issuedAt < ($now - 86_400)) { |
| 180 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token issued-at time is too far in the past'); |
| 181 | } |
| 182 | } |
| 183 | |
| 184 | private function isValidAudience(mixed $audience): bool |
| 185 | { |
| 186 | if (is_string($audience)) { |
| 187 | return trim($audience) !== ''; |
| 188 | } |
| 189 | |
| 190 | if (!is_array($audience) || $audience === []) { |
| 191 | return false; |
| 192 | } |
| 193 | |
| 194 | foreach ($audience as $entry) { |
| 195 | if (!is_string($entry) || trim($entry) === '') { |
| 196 | return false; |
| 197 | } |
| 198 | } |
| 199 | |
| 200 | return true; |
| 201 | } |
| 202 | |
| 203 | /** |
| 204 | * @param array<string, mixed> $header |
| 205 | * @throws ExceptionInterface |
| 206 | */ |
| 207 | private function validateSignature( |
| 208 | string $signedPayload, |
| 209 | string $encodedSignature, |
| 210 | array $header, |
| 211 | string $jwksUri, |
| 212 | ): void { |
| 213 | $algorithm = (string) ($header['alg'] ?? ''); |
| 214 | $keyId = trim((string) ($header['kid'] ?? '')); |
| 215 | |
| 216 | $opensslAlgorithm = match ($algorithm) { |
| 217 | 'RS256' => OPENSSL_ALGO_SHA256, |
| 218 | 'RS384' => OPENSSL_ALGO_SHA384, |
| 219 | 'RS512' => OPENSSL_ALGO_SHA512, |
| 220 | default => throw new RuntimeException('Unsupported OIDC id_token signing algorithm'), |
| 221 | }; |
| 222 | |
| 223 | $jwks = $this->fetchJwks($jwksUri); |
| 224 | $key = $this->findKey($jwks, $keyId); |
| 225 | $publicKey = $this->createPemFromJwk($key); |
| 226 | $signature = $this->base64UrlDecode($encodedSignature); |
| 227 | |
| 228 | $verificationResult = openssl_verify($signedPayload, $signature, $publicKey, $opensslAlgorithm); |
| 229 | if ($verificationResult !== 1) { |
| 230 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC id_token signature validation failed'); |
| 231 | } |
| 232 | } |
| 233 | |
| 234 | /** |
| 235 | * @return array<string, mixed> |
| 236 | * @throws ExceptionInterface |
| 237 | */ |
| 238 | private function fetchJwks(string $jwksUri): array |
| 239 | { |
| 240 | $response = $this->httpClient->request('GET', $jwksUri); |
| 241 | $content = $response->getContent(false); |
| 242 | |
| 243 | if ($response->getStatusCode() >= 400) { |
| 244 | throw new RuntimeException(sprintf('OIDC JWKS request failed with status %d', $response->getStatusCode())); |
| 245 | } |
| 246 | |
| 247 | try { |
| 248 | $payload = json_decode($content, associative: true, depth: 512, flags: JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR); |
| 249 | } catch (JsonException $exception) { |
| 250 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC JWKS response is not valid JSON', previous: $exception); |
| 251 | } |
| 252 | |
| 253 | if (!is_array($payload)) { |
| 254 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC JWKS response is not valid'); |
| 255 | } |
| 256 | |
| 257 | $normalizedPayload = []; |
| 258 | foreach ($payload as $jwksKey => $jwksValue) { |
| 259 | $normalizedPayload[(string) $jwksKey] = $jwksValue; |
| 260 | } |
| 261 | |
| 262 | return $normalizedPayload; |
| 263 | } |
| 264 | |
| 265 | /** |
| 266 | * @param array<string, mixed> $jwks |
| 267 | * @return array<string, mixed> |
| 268 | */ |
| 269 | private function findKey(array $jwks, string $keyId): array |
| 270 | { |
| 271 | $keys = $jwks['keys'] ?? null; |
| 272 | if (!is_array($keys) || $keys === []) { |
| 273 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC JWKS response does not contain any keys'); |
| 274 | } |
| 275 | |
| 276 | foreach ($keys as $key) { |
| 277 | if (!is_array($key)) { |
| 278 | continue; |
| 279 | } |
| 280 | |
| 281 | $candidateKeyId = trim((string) ($key['kid'] ?? '')); |
| 282 | if ($keyId !== '' && $candidateKeyId !== $keyId) { |
| 283 | continue; |
| 284 | } |
| 285 | |
| 286 | return self::normalizeKey($key); |
| 287 | } |
| 288 | |
| 289 | $firstKey = $keys[0] ?? null; |
| 290 | if ($keyId === '' && is_array($firstKey)) { |
| 291 | return self::normalizeKey($firstKey); |
| 292 | } |
| 293 | |
| 294 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC JWKS key could not be resolved'); |
| 295 | } |
| 296 | |
| 297 | /** |
| 298 | * @param array<string, mixed> $key |
| 299 | */ |
| 300 | private function createPemFromJwk(array $key): string |
| 301 | { |
| 302 | $keyType = (string) ($key['kty'] ?? ''); |
| 303 | $modulus = (string) ($key['n'] ?? ''); |
| 304 | $exponent = (string) ($key['e'] ?? ''); |
| 305 | |
| 306 | if ($keyType !== 'RSA' || $modulus === '' || $exponent === '') { |
| 307 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC JWK is not a supported RSA key'); |
| 308 | } |
| 309 | |
| 310 | $rsaPublicKey = $this->asn1Sequence( |
| 311 | $this->asn1Integer($this->base64UrlDecode($modulus)) |
| 312 | . $this->asn1Integer($this->base64UrlDecode($exponent)), |
| 313 | ); |
| 314 | |
| 315 | $subjectPublicKeyInfo = $this->asn1Sequence( |
| 316 | $this->asn1Sequence($this->asn1ObjectIdentifier("\x2a\x86\x48\x86\xf7\x0d\x01\x01\x01") . $this->asn1Null()) |
| 317 | . $this->asn1BitString($rsaPublicKey), |
| 318 | ); |
| 319 | |
| 320 | return ( |
| 321 | "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----\n" |
| 322 | . chunk_split(base64_encode($subjectPublicKeyInfo), length: 64, separator: "\n") |
| 323 | . "-----END PUBLIC KEY-----\n" |
| 324 | ); |
| 325 | } |
| 326 | |
| 327 | private function asn1Sequence(string $value): string |
| 328 | { |
| 329 | return "\x30" . $this->asn1Length(strlen($value)) . $value; |
| 330 | } |
| 331 | |
| 332 | private function asn1Integer(string $value): string |
| 333 | { |
| 334 | if ($value === '') { |
| 335 | $value = "\x00"; |
| 336 | } |
| 337 | |
| 338 | if (ord($value[0]) > 0x7f) { |
| 339 | $value = "\x00" . $value; |
| 340 | } |
| 341 | |
| 342 | return "\x02" . $this->asn1Length(strlen($value)) . $value; |
| 343 | } |
| 344 | |
| 345 | private function asn1ObjectIdentifier(string $value): string |
| 346 | { |
| 347 | return "\x06" . $this->asn1Length(strlen($value)) . $value; |
| 348 | } |
| 349 | |
| 350 | private function asn1Null(): string |
| 351 | { |
| 352 | return "\x05\x00"; |
| 353 | } |
| 354 | |
| 355 | private function asn1BitString(string $value): string |
| 356 | { |
| 357 | return "\x03" . $this->asn1Length(strlen($value) + 1) . "\x00" . $value; |
| 358 | } |
| 359 | |
| 360 | private function asn1Length(int $length): string |
| 361 | { |
| 362 | if ($length < 128) { |
| 363 | return chr($length); |
| 364 | } |
| 365 | |
| 366 | $encoded = ''; |
| 367 | while ($length > 0) { |
| 368 | $encoded = chr($length & 0xff) . $encoded; |
| 369 | $length >>= 8; |
| 370 | } |
| 371 | |
| 372 | return chr(0x80 | strlen($encoded)) . $encoded; |
| 373 | } |
| 374 | |
| 375 | private function base64UrlDecode(string $value): string |
| 376 | { |
| 377 | $padding = (4 - (strlen($value) % 4)) % 4; |
| 378 | $value .= str_repeat('=', $padding); |
| 379 | $decoded = base64_decode(strtr(string: $value, from: '-_', to: '+/'), strict: true); |
| 380 | |
| 381 | if ($decoded === false) { |
| 382 | throw new RuntimeException('OIDC token could not be base64url decoded'); |
| 383 | } |
| 384 | |
| 385 | return $decoded; |
| 386 | } |
| 387 | |
| 388 | private function audienceMatches(mixed $audience, string $expectedAudience): bool |
| 389 | { |
| 390 | if (is_string($audience)) { |
| 391 | return $audience === $expectedAudience; |
| 392 | } |
| 393 | |
| 394 | if (!is_array($audience)) { |
| 395 | return false; |
| 396 | } |
| 397 | |
| 398 | foreach ($audience as $entry) { |
| 399 | if (is_string($entry) && $entry === $expectedAudience) { |
| 400 | return true; |
| 401 | } |
| 402 | } |
| 403 | |
| 404 | return false; |
| 405 | } |
| 406 | |
| 407 | private function getCurrentTimestamp(): int |
| 408 | { |
| 409 | if ($this->currentTimeProvider instanceof Closure) { |
| 410 | return (int) ($this->currentTimeProvider)(); |
| 411 | } |
| 412 | |
| 413 | return time(); |
| 414 | } |
| 415 | |
| 416 | /** |
| 417 | * @param array<array-key, mixed> $key |
| 418 | * @return array<string, mixed> |
| 419 | */ |
| 420 | private static function normalizeKey(array $key): array |
| 421 | { |
| 422 | $normalizedKey = []; |
| 423 | foreach ($key as $keyName => $keyValue) { |
| 424 | $normalizedKey[(string) $keyName] = $keyValue; |
| 425 | } |
| 426 | |
| 427 | return $normalizedKey; |
| 428 | } |
| 429 | } |